1- Stack Formula is used to estimate age through dentition is for..
a. infants
b. adults 25-50yrs
c. adult >50yr
d. elderly
Explanation : (Click on Picture to enlarge view )
2. DNA Is best obtained from autopsy from which organ.
a) Liver
b) Kidney
c) Brain
d) Spleen
Update ( 7 December 2011 ) : After discussion with some of the senior professors of Forensic Medicine, who confirmed that the answer key likely considered Spleen as the answer and cited the following reference from Post mortem technique handbook By Michael T. Sheaff, Deborah J. Hopster. ( Going by the Golden principle : Examiners are always right..I'm revising the answer from Brain to Spleen )
In the spirit of scientific temperament, please go through the 'Contradictory Reference' which points towards Brain Cortex : " With blood samples, a good HMWDNA recovery from all the bodies investigated was obtained during the first week following the death. In each case, the quality and quantity of the DNA were good enough to realize DNA fingerprints with the SLP system (data not shown). In liver samples, only bodies of postmortem ages ranging from 1 to 7 days allowed us to obtain HMWDNA. HMWDNA was extracted from kidney samples up to one month after death, but the yield of DNA decreased rapidly, becoming very low beyond a period of one week. Past this period, we did not succeed in obtaining DNA fingerprints from DNA extracted. The extraction of DNA from lymph nodes was satisfactory up to one week. Over a postmortem period of 7 days, the DNA was degraded and unsuitable for blotting. HMWDNA was purified from spleen samples up to one week after death and the DNA present in heart tissue or in muscle cells was stable up to one month postmortem period, allowing us to perform DNA fingerprinting. Finally, out of all tissues tested, the brain cortex appeared to be the most stable tissue for DNA recovery, even after long postmortem periods." Source : http://
(Click on Picture to enlarge view )
3. Palate print commonly taken from :
a. anterior part of palate
b. lateral wall of palate
c. medial wall of palate
d. posterior palate
Study of the laterally extended curved
ridges (Rugae) and the grooves on the anterior
part of the palate.
It is also known as ‘Rugoscopy'
Palates have got various characteristics like placed
high up or low, broad or narrow. peculiarities of
the bony ridges and prominences.
Harrison Allen (1889) suggested the study of palate prints as a
method of identification.
Study of this method is advantageous because —
(1) Prints (ridge pattern) do not change during
growth.
(2) It is protected from trauma due to its
situation.
(3) It is protected from heat by bucal pad of
fat and tongue.
(4) Even in twins, the pattern of rugosities may
be similar but not identical.
Thomas and Kotze have classified palate
prints basing on the characteristic of the rugae as
follows -
(1) Primary rugae — 5 to 10 mm and 10 mm or
more.
(2) Secondary rugae — 3 to 5 mm.
(3) Fragmented rugae — Less than 3 mm.
Source: Karmakar's Forensic Medicine and Toxicology Page 385
Q4. Flaying seen in what type of lacerated wound ?
a. tear
b. shearing force
c. avulsion
d. pressure
Explanation : Reference K. Vij's FMT
Q. Giving False evidence under Oath is defined under section :
a) 151 IPC
b) 161 IPC
c) 181 IPC
d) 191 IPC
Q. maximum punishment to doctor under 304A................2year
:::Medico-legal Important Sections:::
Indian Penal Code
Offense Affecting Human Body
Sec 299 to Sec 377
• Sec 299 Culpable Homicide
• Sec 300 Murder
• Sec 302 Punishment of murder/infanticide*
• Sec 304 Culpable Homicide not amounting to murder
• Sec 304 A Causing death by negligence* ( punishment up-to 2yrs/fine )
• Sec 304 B Dowry Death
Sections Related to Criminal Abortion
• Sec 312 to Sec 316
Abandonment of Child under 12 years
• Sec 317
Concealment of birth
• Sec 318
Hurt
Sec 319
Grievous Hurt
• Sec 320
Assault
• Sec 351
Assault to Outrage the Modesty of Women
• Sec 354
Rape
Definition Sec 375
Punishment Sec 376
Criminal Procedure Code
Sec 174 Police Inquest
Sec 176 Magistrate’s Inquest
Indian Evidence Act
Sec 32 Dying Declaration
5 : 1st ossification centre appears at :
(Click on Picture to enlarge view )
According to organ transplantation act 1994 what punishment for doctor if found guilt ?
1. 2 yrs
2. more than 5 yrs
3. 4 yrs
4. 2-5 yrs
These has been an amendment in Organ Transplantation act in August 2011( both Lok Sabha & Rajya Sabha passed the Bill ) , where the punishment has been made more severe between 5-10 years (Click on Picture to enlarge view )...Why answe should be 2. more than 5 yrs? Explanation : Why will the examiner suddenly ask about punishment, if there is NO recent development )
Q A chronic alcoholic - assaults neighbor - had quit drinking 4 days back - now has delirium tremens. He is :
A. Responsible for committing the crime
B. Not responsible under Sec 84 IPC
C. Partially responsible
D. Responsibility can't be fixed from the given history ( Click on Picture to enlarge view )
a. infants
b. adults 25-50yrs
c. adult >50yr
d. elderly
Explanation : (Click on Picture to enlarge view )
2. DNA Is best obtained from autopsy from which organ.
a) Liver
b) Kidney
c) Brain
d) Spleen
Update ( 7 December 2011 ) : After discussion with some of the senior professors of Forensic Medicine, who confirmed that the answer key likely considered Spleen as the answer and cited the following reference from Post mortem technique handbook By Michael T. Sheaff, Deborah J. Hopster. ( Going by the Golden principle : Examiners are always right..I'm revising the answer from Brain to Spleen )
In the spirit of scientific temperament, please go through the 'Contradictory Reference' which points towards Brain Cortex : " With blood samples, a good HMWDNA recovery from all the bodies investigated was obtained during the first week following the death. In each case, the quality and quantity of the DNA were good enough to realize DNA fingerprints with the SLP system (data not shown). In liver samples, only bodies of postmortem ages ranging from 1 to 7 days allowed us to obtain HMWDNA. HMWDNA was extracted from kidney samples up to one month after death, but the yield of DNA decreased rapidly, becoming very low beyond a period of one week. Past this period, we did not succeed in obtaining DNA fingerprints from DNA extracted. The extraction of DNA from lymph nodes was satisfactory up to one week. Over a postmortem period of 7 days, the DNA was degraded and unsuitable for blotting. HMWDNA was purified from spleen samples up to one week after death and the DNA present in heart tissue or in muscle cells was stable up to one month postmortem period, allowing us to perform DNA fingerprinting. Finally, out of all tissues tested, the brain cortex appeared to be the most stable tissue for DNA recovery, even after long postmortem periods." Source : http://
(Click on Picture to enlarge view )
3. Palate print commonly taken from :
a. anterior part of palate
b. lateral wall of palate
c. medial wall of palate
d. posterior palate
Study of the laterally extended curvedridges (Rugae) and the grooves on the anterior
part of the palate.
It is also known as ‘Rugoscopy'
Palates have got various characteristics like placed
high up or low, broad or narrow. peculiarities of
the bony ridges and prominences.
Harrison Allen (1889) suggested the study of palate prints as a
method of identification.
Study of this method is advantageous because —
(1) Prints (ridge pattern) do not change during
growth.
(2) It is protected from trauma due to its
situation.
(3) It is protected from heat by bucal pad of
fat and tongue.
(4) Even in twins, the pattern of rugosities may
be similar but not identical.
Thomas and Kotze have classified palate
prints basing on the characteristic of the rugae as
follows -
(1) Primary rugae — 5 to 10 mm and 10 mm or
more.
(2) Secondary rugae — 3 to 5 mm.
(3) Fragmented rugae — Less than 3 mm.
Source: Karmakar's Forensic Medicine and Toxicology Page 385
Q4. Flaying seen in what type of lacerated wound ?
a. tear
b. shearing force
c. avulsion
d. pressure
Explanation : Reference K. Vij's FMT
Q. Giving False evidence under Oath is defined under section :
a) 151 IPC
b) 161 IPC
c) 181 IPC
d) 191 IPC
Q. maximum punishment to doctor under 304A................2year
:::Medico-legal Important Sections:::
Indian Penal Code
- Sec 44 Injury
- Sec 84 Act of a person of unsound mind/McNaughtens Rule
- Sec 85 Act of a person who is intoxicated against will
- Sec 191 & sec 193 definition and Punishment of perjury(Punishment up-to 7yrs )
- Sec 197 Issuing or signing false certificate
Offense Affecting Human Body
Sec 299 to Sec 377
• Sec 299 Culpable Homicide
• Sec 300 Murder
• Sec 302 Punishment of murder/infanticide*
• Sec 304 Culpable Homicide not amounting to murder
• Sec 304 A Causing death by negligence* ( punishment up-to 2yrs/fine )
• Sec 304 B Dowry Death
Sections Related to Criminal Abortion
• Sec 312 to Sec 316
Abandonment of Child under 12 years
• Sec 317
Concealment of birth
• Sec 318
Hurt
Sec 319
Grievous Hurt
• Sec 320
Assault
• Sec 351
Assault to Outrage the Modesty of Women
• Sec 354
Rape
Definition Sec 375
Punishment Sec 376
Criminal Procedure Code
Sec 174 Police Inquest
Sec 176 Magistrate’s Inquest
Indian Evidence Act
Sec 32 Dying Declaration
5 : 1st ossification centre appears at :
(Click on Picture to enlarge view )
According to organ transplantation act 1994 what punishment for doctor if found guilt ?
1. 2 yrs
2. more than 5 yrs
3. 4 yrs
4. 2-5 yrs
These has been an amendment in Organ Transplantation act in August 2011( both Lok Sabha & Rajya Sabha passed the Bill ) , where the punishment has been made more severe between 5-10 years (Click on Picture to enlarge view )...Why answe should be 2. more than 5 yrs? Explanation : Why will the examiner suddenly ask about punishment, if there is NO recent development )
A. Responsible for committing the crime
B. Not responsible under Sec 84 IPC
C. Partially responsible
D. Responsibility can't be fixed from the given history ( Click on Picture to enlarge view )
